Outcomes research is emerging as an invaluable approach to the scientific evaluation of healthcare in a real-world rather than an\r\nexperimental environment. There is much interest in the differential evaluation of existing interventions with regard to different\r\npatient populations.Moreover, various comorbid conditions necessitate analysis for the specific additional risk those factors convey\r\nin the perioperative arena, a task often difficult to accomplish without population-based techniques. The authors� group has\r\nconducted significant work in perioperative outcomes research utilizing CER and database analysis methodology, with focus on\r\northopedic surgery and anesthesiology. Our research resulted in numerous publications affecting policy and patient care over the\r\nlast number of years. Knowledge on immediate perioperative outcomes of anesthesia and surgery is of very high interest not only\r\nto clinicians but also to administrators and policymakers, as it allows for risk assessment and allocation of resources. This review is\r\nnot intended to be a systematic review but rather to (1) provide a brief overview over the theoretical basis of CER and populationbased\r\ndatabase research, (2) give an overview of our work with various points of focus, and (3) offer a perspective on the future\r\ndevelopment in perioperative medicine.
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